The bussiness success of agricultural enterprises is reflected in achieving their results, which are various in each enterprise in Slovak agrosector. Therefore, it is appropriate to examine in more detail the reasons for bussiness success in agricultural sector to identify the factors influencing the differentiation of agricultural enterprises and to draw competent conclusions which could help managers to increase prosperity and competitiveness of their companies not only in the Slovak market, but also in the European market. The research examining the success of agicultural enterprises and the factors of their differentiation is quite wide. What appears to be currently crucial is the use of appropriate knowledge of management methods, practises and processes. This work describes the process of strategic management in primary production enterprises. It is part of wider research focusing on the analysis of hard and soft factors of business prosperity. Our objective was either to confirm or reject the hypothesis which says that mastering the principles of the application of strategic management to the practice of agricultural enterprises is a condition of their strategic success. The result of the analysis was the finding that there are significant differences between particular agricultural subjects, which inevitably manifest themselves in achieving the bussiness success.