The debate about the safety of genetically modified foods has never stopped, and different consumers have different judgments. On the basis of literature research, this paper designs the corresponding questionnaire for empirical analysis. With the college students as the object of study, this paper explores the differences in perceived genetically modified food risk by the college students with different majors, as well as the differences in the information processing mode adopted by the college students with different majors, and the differences in the perceived risk after adopting different information processing mode. The results show that there are significant differences in the perceived genetically modified food risk among the college students with different majors, the economics students have the highest average perceived risk; there are also significant differences in the information processing mode adopted by the college students with different majors, and the perceived risk is different when using the heuristic information processing mode.