This study compared the technical efficiency of fish production under two management systems in Abeokuta metropolis, Ogun state, Nigeria. Primary data for this study were collected from forty-five fish farmers using earthen pond and thirty fish farmers using concrete pond through simple random sampling technique and complete enumeration techniques respectively. The Stochastic Frontier production function was employed for the determination of the technical efficiency of the fish farmers. Results revealed an average age of 44years and 46years for operators of concrete and earthen pond technologies respectively. They were mostly males and educated. There was a fairly high but almost equal technical efficiency scores in fish production for concrete (0.6429) and earthen pond (0.6432. Significant variables affecting fish production in concrete pond were stock size (α0.01) and feed (α0.05), while the factors affecting inefficiency was gender. For earthen pond technology the factors were pond size (α0.05), stock size (α0.01) and feed intake (α0.01), while the factors affecting inefficiency were age (α0.05), education level (α0.05) and household size (α0.10). Elasticity values for resources used for both technologies indicate that they were allocated and used in the stage II of the production process and that fish production in earthen pond technologies had higher feed conversion efficiency. The study recommended among others that, appropriate government agencies and community-based organisations, should encourage young and educated people to go into fish production as a precursor towards increasing technical efficiency of fish production.