The paper places the evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU) in the context of relations of the EU with Central European countries (CECs), identifying possible approaches to the accession of food and agricultural commodities to the CAP. The size of economies, the level of economic development and costs of accession are the main determinants, which will likely cause the agricultural policy adjustment and integration of CECs into the CAP. Political, internal (e.g. budgetary expenditures) and external factors (e.g. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/GATT multilateral rules) may likely be important as well, suggesting that a convergence of agriculture on both sides and a more global approach in an enlarged EU will likely occur.