The goal of the contribution is to characterize the processional and structural changes of the enterprise economic basis, to identify its strenghts and weaknesses and to outline the ways of increasing the enterprise efficiency and economic prosperity. Research results show the gradual improvement of economic situation in the agro-food complex. The losses decrease while the efficiency of the agro-food subjects increases. Credits and debts also indicate partial decreases. The enterpreneurial subjects use dynamic organizational structures, purposefully enter the cooperative forms and integration entrepreneurial structures. In spite of these facts it is necesary to increase the qualification level of top managers, working and technological discipline of the employees, to speed up the material and financial flows, and to improve the support and protection governmental policy. The renovation of the machinery park requires 16-18 bn Slovak crowns. The same amount of money is required by the food-processing industry.