Agricultural operation subject is a main body of the market economy. At present, the simple scale expansion mode is a major mode of agricultural operation in China. According to some hypothesis, scale expansion will inevitably bring high income, but such hypothesis has serious defects. The operation mechanism of the simple scale expansion mode includes farmer operation mechanism, professional farmer operation mechanism, and “company + farmers” operation mechanism. In the production and operation, they will be faced with different natural risks, technical risks, market risks and policy risks. Besides, their risk control ability is also varied. Therefore, it is required to take different agricultural risk management strategies. The "company + farmers" production and operation subjects have the highest ability of risk management. Other subjects should learn their experience.