The aim of this article is to identify the factors which have an influence on the development of contracting of agricultural production. In the paper the author included a discussion on foreign literature in terms of contracting of agricultural production and indicated the vital theories serving to explain the contracting phenomena. In addition, the results of Polish study with regard to contracting were used in the article. One of the main factors which favour the contracting in agricultural households is the growing specialization of production. One of the main factors which disfavor the contracting in agricultural households is the direct payments to cultivation and the growing ability to storage. The main factors of contracting in food industry’s businesses are the willingness to have control over production process and the quality of raw material.