Based on vector error correction model, this essay aims to test the relationship between the rural human capital investment and labor migration by using the data of Hunan province from 1994 to 2014. Experiment results show the long-term balanced relationship between rural human capital investment and labor migration. Rural human capital investment can boost the transfer of labor force effectively in the long run. While none obvious effect would take in a short time. There is time lag effect on human capital investment. The time needed to amend the cointegration relationship would be long and the primary factor that affects the labor migration is the prophase investment of human capital.