Nonprogram crops such as produce are typically considered peripheral to U.S. farm policy discussions, yet impacts of the World Trade Organization decoupling requirement on the fruit and vegetable planting restriction was a major issue in the 2007/08 farm bill. Evolution of planting flexibility in U.S. farm programs has not extended to most specialty crops and Brazil's challenge of cotton support programs highlighted the exception. Despite research results indicating limited diversions of program crop acreage with elimination of the restriction, the political stakes and potential gains from farm policy outcomes were raised considerably for nonprogram crop sectors.