The aim of this article is to present the legal aspects of the usage, trade, and production of certified seed in Poland. It does not exhaust the subject, but merely presents formal organization of seed market in Poland. These issues are important for Polish agriculture because of the strategic importance of the seeds. Seed market understand as a breeding varieties, production and distribution of seeds is the core of modern rural production. Indirectly is also important for non rural sectors. Despite the importance of plant breeding, this sector is dependent on funding from the income market, in particular royalties and FSS (Farm Saved Seed). Because the low recoverability of these fees and the low use of certified seed compared to the EU, it is a problem and a threat to the Polish biological progress.