This publication presents selected data from the 1978 ESCS Landownership Survey on the structure of agriculture in the United States, the South and North Carolina in cases where the pattern of landownership is closely intertwined with land use and land-use policy. Comparisons are made between geographical regions and major differences are noted. One of the most striking differences is the large percentage of farmland that is owned by nonfarmers in North Carolina and the South relative to the rest of the United States.