Agriculture, as the primary industry, is the foundation of national economy. Agricultural development directly influences political, economic, and cultural construction of a state. Agricultural technology is a key factor restricting agricultural development. How to implement the agricultural technology innovation, agricultural technology extension becomes particularly important. In this literature review, current situation of agricultural technology extension was elaborated. Besides, current research situation and fields of agricultural technology extension were discussed. In the literature collected, researches about agricultural technology extension mainly included following three aspects: (i) theories of agricultural technology extension; (ii) agricultural technology extension system; (iii) behavior and effects of agricultural technology extension. On the basis of research results of literature, prediction was made for the agricultural technology extension and policy recommendations were put forward for agricultural technology extension works.