Subject and purpose of work: The discussion undertaken in this article concerns differences in the level of social security. The main aim is to analyse the territorial and social diversity of social security in Poland in years 2010-2014. Materials and methods: The research study presented was carried out on the basis of the analysis and synthesis of literature, statistical data, as well as the author’s reflections. Results: Differences in the level of social security to a large extent depend on the following factors: the territorial location and the size of the locality, age group, types of socio-economic groups, and type of household. Social security level is diversified territorially and socially. Conclusions: The residents of small cities from the north-east part of the country and people aged between 16-24 are most threatened with poverty. In the case of Poland a high percentage of poverty threat is a matter of concern amongst working people. The lowest poverty level is in the group of 55-year olds, that is people receiving retirement benefits.