In this paper, on the basis of analyzing farmers' dominant position in society and explanation of farmers’ rationality, we make use of Maslow’s hierarchy theory of needs to divide farmers’ needs into three levels in accordance with the different stages: survival needs, interpersonal harmony and social responsibility, which are the needs hierarchies for farmers to satisfy themselves. We combine Maslow’s hierarchy theory of needs and farmers’ rationality and confirm that farmers do have rationality and it is in a dynamic condition.