The rationality of land use structure was evaluated with dynamic TOPSIS method based on changing data of land use from 2008 to 2011 in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area. The results showed that during 2008- 2011, the rationality of land use structure was totally high, the dynamic value hi of Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan and the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area was 0.7954, 0.7821, 0.8245 and 0.8186, respectively; the value Ci (tk) reflecting the rationality of land use structure at different time points was rapidly increased, and the gap between regions was not big and shrinking. According to the grey relational analysis, the change of different land use types had different effects on the rationality of land use structure: transportation land, the land for cities, towns and villages and the land for mining and industry are most highly correlated with the rationality of land use structure, while arable land, woodland, water area and water conservancy facility land have also an important impact on the rationality of land use structure; controlling the excessive growth of transportation land, the land for cities, towns and villages and the land for mining and industry, protecting arable land, forest land, water area and water conservancy facility land, and moderately increasing the garden plot, plays a decisive role in optimizing the land use structure in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area.