The economic development of China has transformed from factor-driven type to innovation-driven type, and the upgrading of industrial structure is very important. In this paper, in order to explore the path of the coupling effect of modern service industry and agriculture, based on previous research and practical experience, we select 14 indicators, and then use the theory of dissipative structure, coupling degree and coupling coordination degree to measure the coupling phase of modern service industry and agriculture. On this basis, we use the spillover effect for the empirical testing of influence of modern service industry on agricultural development. The study shows that modern service industry and agriculture in our country are at the medium coupling, and in the early stage of development. The spillover effects of China's modern service industry on China's economic development and agricultural progress are significant. Finally, the policy recommendations are put forward from tourism, logistics and so on to promote the coupling of modern service industry and agriculture and provide a reference for promoting the coupling level of China's modern service industry and agriculture.