With a population increasing rapidly and agricultural yields stagnant over the years, access to food is a major challenge in Burkina Faso. This study investigates households demand for staple cereal commodities in Burkina Faso, using data from the 2009/10 integrated household living condition survey. A complete demand system (AIDS) model is estimated taking into account demographics and zero consumption. Results show that maize, millet and sorghum are necessities while rice is considered a luxury. Demand for maize, millet and sorghum are less price elastic than rice. These results are consistent for most households except for wealthy, educated households living in urban areas where rice becomes a necessity. The analysis of the evolution of cereal prices shows an overall increase leaving many people in food insecurity and causing food riots.