Sustainable intensification is considered a key strategy to harmonize economic and environmental goals in rice-wheat cropping system in the developing countries. This strategy encourages farmers to grow spring season crops in the land remaining fallows after harvesting wheat. This paper explores the impact of climatic, demographic, economic and institutional variables on area under spring season crops. Data for the study were collected from 640 households spreading across the eight Tarai districts of Nepal in 2010. The major crops grown in the spring season are mungbean, maize and rice, and farmers allocate difference amount of their land for these crops. So, three crops specific regressions were modeled through Tobit regression with the assumption that households’ allocate their lands considering the potential benefit they get from these crops during the spring reason. Result shows that rainfall has positive impact on maize and rice; whereas, it is negative on mungbean. Similarly, this study reveals that male-headed households allocate larger amount of their lands for each of these crops than female-headed households. This is due to better access of fertilizers and training to male-headed households. Moreover, higher operational holders allocate more land for the spring season crops as compared to their counterparts.