This session is organized by members of the Agricultural Economics Society of Japan. This session explores analytical and policy framework through empirical examinations on key factors that are supposed to play a crucial role on the structural change for sustainable evolution of farm sector from a perspective of Japan and Korea. The session consists of four papers. These four papers provide empirical evidence and policy implications that will be effective in other parts of fast growing Asia. We take up two keywords: farm structural change and emerging new demands surrounding farm sector. The first and second papers shed light on farm structural change in Japan and Korea, which contrast the differences in farm behaviour between the two countries. The third and fourth papers address the emerging demands for farm sector in Japan: educational tourism in dairy farms and growing trade demand for japonica rice due to global Japanese food popularity.