Using data from 450 cassava farmers from three districts, the paper uses a non-parametric propensity score matching (PSM) technique to investigate the impact on men and women farmers’ incomes by adopting improved cassava varieties. The Average treatment effect (ATT) estimates suggested that participation in improved cassava varieties increased total crop incomes of women by ₵3173 (USD 1823) whilst that of men was increased by ₵149 (USD 86) per hectare. The findings offer justification for sustained public investment in cassava research and dissemination in Ghana.