The safe and efficient movement of goods is essential for the economic development of a region. In Costa Rica, similar to other Central American countries, the Pan-American Corridor (i.e., the Pan-American highway and major connecting links) plays a key role in the movement of freight into, out of, and through the country. Like the rest of the world, Cost Rica faces large economic, social, and environmental pressures to create a more sustainable and livable place for its people and businesses. The productivity, safety, and efficiency of the trucking sector and its highways are fundamental to achievement of this goal. This paper has three objectives: (1) characterize the transportation operations and system in Costa Rica as they relate to trucks, (2) determine trucking activity in terms of truck and trade flows, and (3) identify demand-related developments to determine their likely impact on truck flows and characteristics in the region.