On the basis of describing trade value and trade structure of agricultural products between China and main countries in East Asia, this paper uses revealed comparative advantage index and trade complementarity index to calculate the comparative advantage and complementarity between China and Japan, Korea and ASEAN countries. The research shows that the trade complementarity of agricultural products between China and Japan & Korea is weak, but the complementarity of some agricultural products between China and Japan is very strong. The trade competitiveness and complementarity of agricultural products between China and ASEAN coexist, and there is strong cooperative potential between China and ASEAN.