The aim of the paper was to analyze changes in the external competitiveness of Polish fruit and vegetables. There are a number of quantitative as well as cost-price indexes used in assessing competitive position of particular products on the world market. The paper is focused on changes in selected qualitative indexes of competitive of fresh fruits and vegetables exported from Poland before and after the EU accession. A background for the changes was also elaborated. The changes result mainly from internal factors particularly the level of export supply concentration as well as widely considered quality and organisation of foreign trade.