Through this paper, we attempted to spotlight on potential climate change consequences on North Africa’s livestock sector and possible adaptation measures, it presents a literature overview of some relevant studies and projects on the subject in Morocco. Probable decrease in water and feeding resources associated to heat stress and outbreaks of emergent and reemergent animal diseases underscore the need to act fast and efficiently through exploring quality data via methodological vulnerability assessment studies. Doing so may point the way towards appropriate adaptation strategies just in time to anticipate potential damages. Not doing so may disturb the fragile livestock’s balance between ensuring food security, supporting livelihoods of rural populations and preserving the environment, in a region where the socio-economic balance is already bracketed by this year’s wave of the Arab spring.