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Abstract
Can agriculture and mining work together to improve
food security? How can policy, investment and research
provide for benefits? Agriculture and mining rely on
similar inputs, outputs and externalities. In both Africa
and Australia the relationship between the two industries
can be symbioitic or competitive, depending on the
situation. Mining makes profits from its mined products.
Agriculture also needs mined products such as potash
for soil improvement. Mining requires upgraded or new
infrastructure, for transport and export, and may open
up new areas, and these can benefit agriculture and
other aspects of a country’s economic development.
Mining uses less land and leads to less degradation of water and land than
does agriculture, but both do good if done well. In terms of corporate
social responsibility, mining companies have to answer to shareholders.
Nevertheless, there is evidence that multiplier effects improve income and
employment opportunities in the regions around mines. However, Africa is
challenged by non-inclusive growth despite resource development. There
are perceptions in society and the media that mining takes rather than
giving back, although there is evidence of the reverse. It is recommended
that the huge knowledge gaps around mining and its nexus with agriculture
be tackled through research into the true impacts of mining on food
production and poverty. There is an urgent need to build better awareness
of the realities, and to engage with affected communities.