As a consequence of the increase in the international food trade, numerous studies have been developed to focus on the consumers' preferences towards domestic and imported foods. These studies have been conducted from the perspectives of "country of origin effect" and ethnocentrism in consumption. In spite of the abundant literature on the subject, there is not a consensus on the importance of the country of origin on consumer preferences, and on the variables that affect an ethnocentric consumption behavior. The following research aims to present and analyze the results of relevant studies using the perspectives of "country of origin effect" and ethnocentrism related to food purchases. For both approaches, international studies are taken in consideration as well as studies conducted in Chile.