This paper analyzes the key indicators which reflect farmer and herdsman's income in Inner Mongolia region, and then carries out regression analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis of their income status in this region with SPSS software. Through the analysis, it can be seen that the net income of per farmer and herdsman in Inner Mongolia, has not reached the national level, and the differences in the influencing factors of the income are very obvious. According to present specific situation of farmers and herdsman in Inner Mongolia, this paper gives suggestions like proposing an agricultural prices security system, speeding up the strategic investment, improving the investment environment to promote the reasonable layout of the whole area, so as to improve the incomes of famers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia region.