Gifford Pinchot played a significant role in America’s first conversation movement. He put forward many conservation polices for American federal government. Pinchot’s thoughts on natural resources conservation have rich content. He realized the limitation of natural resources, so he advocated scientific management and governmental supervision on public land. He embedded conservation with moral significance and regarded conservation as an essential means of promoting social justice and international peace. The analysis on Pinchot’s thoughts on conversation can help people understand the development of American environmental thoughts in the 20th century and can also provide inspiration for natural resources protection in China.