As a major agricultural province, Yunnan has always attached great importance to food production, and the proportion of the growing area of food crops to the growing area of total crops is more than one half in Yunnan Province, but the grain production efficiency has been low in recent years. Therefore, under the guidance of stabilizing food production and adjusting structure proposed by Yunnan provincial government, we analyze the impact of the growing area of food crops on farmers' income, based on the recent trends of the growing area of food crops. Finally we put forth the following recommendations: developing the food production based on market; rationally making overall arrangement of planting structure; paying attention to the agricultural science and technology progress.