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Abstract
This paper examines the French agricultural modernization process based on
the evaluation of economists, social and political scientists, involving especially the debate
of the contemporary social science and rural economics. The objective is to understand
its dynamics by the relationship between different areas of knowledge, aiming at setting
up an interpretative model to analyse the specific Brazilian agricultural modernization
process. The rural area has not been transformed uniquely on economic grounds, by
adopting innovations and new market approaches, but there was also a set up of new
political and social identities on rural areas.