Research workers in agricultural economics will find a wealth of source material in the 1950 Census of Agriculture. Inclusion of new items in the questionnaire accounts for some of the increase over previous censuses in the quantity of data published. Of special interest to research workers are the classifications which include tabulations of several key items of farm data by size of farm, type of farm, economic class of farm, and tenure of operator. Many of the other classifications represent merely a count of farms having given amounts of items such as number of cows or acres of wheat. Important uses of census data in agricultural economic research may be found in studies of the structure of agriculture in the United States and variations in the levels of productivity. Also, the data may have unusual value in providing a framework for selection, sampling, and generalization in agricultural economic studies.