Through analyzing Marx’s agricultural intensive management thought, this paper points out that the existence and development of agricultural management mode experience historical course and the development of agricultural intensification depends on many objective conditions. On the basis of this, it discusses the guiding significance of Marx’s agricultural intensive management thought to China’s agricultural development. It is required to fully realize basic current situations of China’s agriculture, widely popularize agricultural mechanization and electrification, speed up artificial transformation of soil structure, promote chemical application of agriculture, make rational use of water resource, and spread improved seeds.