Protection planning is made for rural centralized drinking water source areas according to current situations of rural drinking water and existing problems of centralized drinking water source areas in Chongqing, and in combination with survey, analysis and evaluation of urban-rural drinking water source areas in whole city. There are engineering measures and non-engineering measures, to guarantee drinking water security of rural residents, improve rural ecological environment, realize sustainable use of water resource, and promote sustainable development of society. Engineering measures include conservation and protection of water resource, ecological restoration, isolation, and comprehensive control of point-source and area-source pollution. Non-engineering measures include construction of monitoring system for drinking water source area, construction of security information system for rural centralized drinking water source area, and construction of emergency mechanism for water pollution accidents in rural water source areas.