We analyse how and to what extent land infrastructure affects productivity and profitability of High Yielding Variety (HYV) Boro rice production in Bangladesh. In our study, “land infrastructure” refers to some basic physical characteristics and facilities of farmland such as farm size, land fragmentation, and irrigation & drainage systems. Our empirical study reveals that in small, fragmented farmlands, production cost is higher, productivity is lower and profitability is marginal. While weak land infrastructure practically discourages the operation of modern agricultural facilities such as irrigation ones, usually large farmers benefit by them, if available. Our study also makes some policy prescriptions to approach these farm problems.