The Mabo [no. 2] 1992 High Court decision and consequent judicial and legislative actions resulted in a quantum shift in the recognition of Indigenous rights in Australia. The Croker Island 1998 decision verifies the existence of native title rights to the foreshore and marine environment. Methodologies for valuing Indigenous fisheries are examined in this report. Unlike those for non-Indigenous uses of fish resources, the methodologies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander uses are poorly developed. This is because the legal and institutional framework for Indigenous rights are still being developed and because this area of economic concern has received minimal attention from economists. While a number of steps are taken in this report to facilitate the valuation of indigenous rights to fish resources, the continuing inadequacies in valuation methodology emphasises the importance of negotiation in valuation estimation.