This paper introduces the definition of mental poverty and the status quo of mental poverty in China's rural areas. Mental poverty in China's rural areas embodies the following aspects: the sense of parochialism is serious; the small farmer consciousness is strong; there is misgiving about identity. This paper analyses the reason of Mental poverty influencing farmers' behavior model and rural economic development. Mental poverty influences the farmers' changing current situation; Mental poverty influences the rural population structure; Mental poverty influences the rural normal order. The countermeasures and proposals are put forward to obviate Mental poverty in rural areas as follows: first, strengthen farmers' consciousness of main body, and improve farmers' psychological feeling; second, coordinate urban-rural development, and strengthen farmers' social identity degree; third, increase inputs into cultural building, and promote farmers' quality; fourth, open up mind, and encourage the outflow of labor forces.