The strategic significance of Chinese rural labor transfer is expounded. It is conducive to solving the three agricultural problems concerning agriculture, rural areas, and farmers and coordinating the urban and rural development; promoting the rational distribution of human resources and realizing the growth of national economy; restructuring industrial structure and improving Chinese market competitiveness. The problems in the transfer of Chinese rural labors are analyzed, which include the low overall cultural level of rural labors; imperfect organization developmental; weak management mechanism and imperfect supporting measures. The rational paths for Chinese rural labor transfer are pointed out, including break the urban and rural dual structure and realize the free move of rural labors; strengthen the organization construction to provide high-quality socialized service for rural labor transfer; perfect security system to foster favorable social environment for rural labor transfer; establish scientific management mechanism to realize the sustainable rural labor transfer.