General situation of ecological environment in western region is introduced, as well as its relationship with new countryside construction. Result shows that ecological conditions of western region not only play an important role in the achievement of new countryside construction in western region, but also directly affect the ecological safety of eastern region and the sustainable development of China. Problems in new countryside construction in western region are analyzed under the perspective of ecological environment, which are the weak concept of ecological protection, the ecological environment which needs to be improved, the difficulty in agriculture development, and the backward plan for human settlement. According to these problems, path of new countryside construction in western China is pointed out under the perspective of ecological environment, such as promoting ecological economy, developing competitive industries, speeding up spatial planning, optimizing the living environment, changing the traditional concept into scientific and rational development, and restoring the ecological environment by making use of agricultural support.