Considering the current upward drift in farm use all over the world, the Russian agro-food market has immense possibilities to create such economic conditions under which the farming sector could develop dynamically. The increase in the grain production is of crucial importance for all agricultural branches. In this respect, the grain sector is Russia’s strategically significant economic segment. This paper presents both potential possibilities and risk insurance in the Russian grain market.The purpose of the article is to provide an economic appraisal and a holistic analysis of this industrial sector along with elaboration of guidelines, aimed at adjustment in this area and commercial process optimization with the view to speeding up the grain production in the Russian Federation. The practical implications of the paper lie in the fact that if the currently important problems are solved, there is a possibility of ensuring food security, stabilization and sustainable development in the agribusiness.