Beidong minorities living together in Qingshui River valley are deeply influenced by Jing and Chu culture. Their ethnic and traditional culture was developed in the process of collision with foreign culture. In the several great social transformations, their cultural ecology was not imbalanced, but evolved and developed. Through the study on local knowledge of cultural ecology including agricultural production, ancestral hall and local-style dwelling house, full-scale drama and Yang Drama, genealogical system, marriage customs, religious belief, sacrificial rites and funeral rites, it is expected to reveal reasons and rules of transition of Beidong ethnic culture, favorable for correctly understanding cultural connotation and promote cultural and tourism development in ethnic minority areas.