Farmers’ decision-making behaviour limits the amount of straw available on the market in Bavaria. Besides using straw as humus and nutrient source for soil, or as litter, it can be also used for producing chemical products or energy. The research purpose is to determine the factors affecting farmers’ willingness to sell straw as a by-product of the agricultural production process for material and energy use. It also aims to estimate potential straw amounts at specific price levels which will be available in Bavaria.