This study seeks to analyze the relationship between rural and urban production activities, mapping the rural production structures more strongly related to better performances of urban economic activities in Rio Grande do Sul state. Two panel data models were estimated, with fixed effects method: one for thes tate cities during the period from 2001 to 2008 and another for the micro regions between 1996 and 2008. Results indicate that the urban production growth is related to an increase of agricultural production and that, in general terms, better urban performances of cities are associated with more diversified rural production structures.